Red Square, one of the most iconic landmarks in Moscow, is not only a symbol of Russian history but also a hub surrounded by fascinating sites that attract millions of visitors each year. In this article, we will explore the famous landmarks that encircle Red Square, making it a must-visit destination for tourists and history enthusiasts alike.
1. St. Basil's Cathedral
St. Basil's Cathedral is arguably the most recognizable landmark associated with Red Square. With its colorful onion domes and intricate designs, the cathedral represents a masterpiece of Russian architecture. Built between 1555 and 1561, this UNESCO World Heritage site attracts visitors with its stunning interiors and historical significance. Don't miss the opportunity to capture breathtaking photos here!
2. The Kremlin
The Kremlin stands as a formidable fortress adjacent to Red Square. This historic complex is home to the Russian President and houses several important government buildings, cathedrals, and museums. The grand walls and towers of the Kremlin create an imposing presence, while the Armory Museum and the State Historical Museum within its walls offer insight into Russia’s rich heritage.
3. Lenin's Mausoleum
Located at the western edge of Red Square, Lenin's Mausoleum is the resting place of Vladimir Lenin, the founder of the Soviet Union. The mausoleum attracts visitors interested in Russian history and politics. A visit offers a unique perspective on the country’s revolutionary past, as well as the opportunity to see Lenin’s preserved body on display.
4. GUM Department Store
GUM, or Glavny Universalny Magazin, is a lavish shopping mall that radiates elegance. Situated on the eastern side of Red Square, this historic building features a glass roof and offers over 200 shops, from luxury brands to local goods. GUM is not only a shopping destination but also provides a variety of dining options, making it a perfect spot to relax after exploring the square.
5. State History Museum
On the northern edge of Red Square lies the State History Museum, showcasing Russia’s past from prehistoric times to the present. With its extensive collection of artifacts, exhibits, and historical displays, this museum is a treasure trove of knowledge for visitors keen to learn about the country’s evolution. The striking red brick exterior of the museum also adds to the iconic skyline of Red Square.
6. The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
Just a short distance from Red Square, the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier serves as a poignant memorial dedicated to the soldiers who perished in World War II. This solemn site features an eternal flame, guarded by soldiers, and is a powerful reminder of the sacrifices made. Visitors often pay their respects here, adding a reflective pause to their sightseeing journey.
7. St. George's Hall
The magnificent St. George's Hall within the Kremlin is a place of significant historical events and ceremonies. Known for its grand architecture and opulent interior, it has hosted lavish receptions and state events for centuries. While not directly accessible to the public, its importance in Russian history is undeniable and it is worth appreciating from the outside.
Red Square is truly the heart of Moscow, surrounded by landmarks that encapsulate the essence of Russian culture, history, and architecture. Whether you are visiting for leisure, education, or photography, each site offers a unique experience that contributes to the rich tapestry of this vibrant city.